Researchers at the University of Tartu are developing a new wearable device to detect tiny plastic particles in the human body.
Their research is published in the journal Proceedings of the 27th International Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications.
The innovation aims to offer a simple, non-invasive way to track microplastics, which are now found almost everywhere.
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Microplastics and nanoplastics have become a growing concern. Studies have already detected them in the air, water, food, and even inside the human body. Scientists have found traces in blood, organs, and tissues. However, understanding how much plastic is inside the body remains difficult.
Kevin Post, a researcher in pervasive computing at the university, explained the project’s motivation. He said, “We want to measure how much plastic is inside the human body so we can better understand exposure and its possible effects.”
At present, detecting microplastics in the body requires blood samples and complex lab tests. These methods are costly, time-consuming, and impractical for routine monitoring.
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To solve this problem, researchers are exploring wearable technology. Their idea is to use devices similar to smartwatches, rings, or fitness bands. These wearables rely on light-based sensing to identify plastic particles beneath the skin.
Kevin said, “We wanted a way to see inside the body without drawing blood. That led us to use light sensors.”
The technology is based on spectrometry. This method studies how light interacts with different materials. Each type of plastic reflects and absorbs light in a unique way, creating a distinct optical pattern.
Kevin explained, “Different plastics have unique light signatures. Sensors can recognize these patterns, and we are applying this concept inside the human body.”
The device uses a tiny spectrometer. It emits different wavelengths of light, including visible, near-infrared, and ultraviolet. It then measures how the light reflects back from beneath the skin.
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In early tests, researchers created artificial skin and embedded plastic particles inside it. The wearable sensor successfully detected these particles below the surface.
This early success shows promise, but the technology is still in development. Researchers say more work is needed before it can be used in real-life medical settings.
Kevin said, “There is still a long way to go, but these results show the potential of wearable spectrometry.”
Scientists are still studying the health effects of microplastics. Early research suggests that these particles may accumulate in the body, leading to inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic issues, particularly in the digestive and respiratory systems.
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The team believes that a wearable solution can change how scientists and doctors study plastic exposure. Regular monitoring may help people better understand their daily exposure and guide future health policies.
Kevin added, “In the future, wearable devices can make it easy to monitor microplastics in the body without invasive procedures.”
As research continues, the idea of tracking invisible pollutants through everyday devices is moving closer to reality.
